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Huidig onderzoek: Kredietcrisis

Publicaties Government Accountability Office (GAO)

De United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) heeft sinds december 2008 een serie rapporten gepubliceerd over de voortgang en het effect van het Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). Dit programma vloeit voort uit de Emergency Economic Stabilization Act uit 2008. De doelstellingen van deze wet zijn:

  • het verlenen van bevoegdheden en middelen aan de minister van Financiën voor het herstel van de liquiditeit en stabiliteit in het Amerikaanse financiële systeem.
  • het garanderen dat de verleende bevoegdheden en middelen worden gebruikt voor:
  • de bescherming van de waarde van huizen, studiefondsen, pensioenen en spaargelden;
  • de bescherming van huizenbezit en bevordering van werkgelegenheid en economische groei;
  • de maximalisatie van het rendement voor de Amerikaanse belastingbetaler.

TARP is het overkoepelende programma van instrumenten om de doelstellingen van de Emergency Economic Stabilization Act te realiseren. De in omvang belangrijkste instrumenten zijn het Capital Purchase Program (CPP), het Automotive Industry Financing Program (AIFP) en het Targeted Investment Program (TIP).

Voor de uitvoering van TARP is binnen de Treasury (het Amerikaanse Ministerie van Financiën)  het Office of Financial Stability (OFS) opgericht. TARP heeft een budget van $ 700 miljard.


De Emergency Economic Stabilization Act bevat bepalingen die voorzen in het afleggen van publieke verantwoording over de uitvoering van de verleende bevoegdheden. GAO heeft volgens de wet een toezichthoudende rol bij TARP. GAO onderzoekt onder andere het effect van TARP op de doelstellingen van de Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, de financiële situatie en de interne controle rond TARP, de kenmerken van de aangekochte activa en eventuele aangegane verplichtingen, het efficiënte gebruik van de budgetten voor de organisatie van TARP en de naleving van de geldende wet en regelgeving. GAO heeft volgens de Emergency Economic Stabilization Act de taak om elke zestig dagen een rapport uit te brengen over de uitvoering van TARP. Ook heeft GAO de taak om eenmaal per jaar te rapporteren over de financiële verantwoording van TARP.

Naast de rapporten over TARP heeft de GAO ook verschillende rapporten gepubliceerd over de regulering van het financiële systeem en over een aantal thema’s rond financiële instellingen, zoals rapporten over ‘hedge funds’ en ‘fair lending’.


Hieronder zijn links opgenomen naar de verschillende GAO rapporten. Voor enkele rapporten is bovendien een korte Nederlandse samenvatting toegevoegd.

Troubled Asset Relief Program

  • GAO(2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Continued Stewardship Needed as Treasury Develops Strategies for Monitoring and Divesting Financial Interests in Chrysler and GM. Washington GAO-10-151. November 2, 2009 (http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-10-151) 
  • GAO(2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: One Year Later, Actions Are Needed to Address Remaining Transparency and Accountability Challenges. Washington GAO-10-16. October 8, 2009 (http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-10-16)
  • GAO(2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Capital Purchase Program Transactions for October 28, 2008, through September 25, 2009, and Information on Financial Agency Agreements, Contracts, Blanket Purchase Agreements, and Interagency Agreements Awarded as of September 18, 2009 (GAO-10-24SP, October 2009), an e-supplement to GAO-10-16. Washington GAO-10-24SP. October 8, 2009 (http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-10-24SP) 
  • GAO(2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: GAO's Oversight Role. Washington GAO-10-150CG. October 1, 2009 (http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-10-150CG) 
  • GAO(2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Status of Efforts to Address Transparency and Accountability Issues. Washington GAO-09-1048T. September 24, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-1048T 

  • GAO(2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Status of Government Assistance Provided to AIG. Washington GAO-09-975. September 21, 2009 (http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-975) 
  • GAO(2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Status of Efforts to Address Transparency and Accountability Issues. Washington GAO-09-920T. July 22, 2009 (http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-920T) 
  • GAO(2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Status of Participants' Dividend Payments and Repurchases of Preferred Stock and Warrants. Washington GAO-09-889T. July 9, 2009 (http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-889T) 
  • GAO(2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: June 2009 Status of Efforts to Address Transparency and Accountability Issues. Washington GAO-09-658. June 17, 2009 (http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-658) 
  • GAO(2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Capital Purchase Program Transactions for October 28, 2008, through May 29, 2009, and Information on Financial Agency Agreements, Contracts, Blanket Purchase Agreements, and Interagency Agreements Awarded as of June 1, 2009 (GAO-09-707SP, June 2009), an e-supplement to GAO-09-658. Washington GAO-09-707SP. June 17, 2009 (http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-707SP) 
  • GAO (2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Capital Purchase Program Transactions for the Period October 28, 2008 through March 20, 2009 and Information on Financial Agency Agreements, Contracts, and Blanket Purchase Agreements Awarded as of March 13, 2009, an E-supplement to GAO-09-504. Washington GAO-09-522SP. March 31, 2009 (http://www.gao.gov/docsearch/abstract.php?rptno=GAO-09-522SP) 
  • GAO (2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: March 2009 Status of Efforts to Address Transparency and Accountability Issues. Washington GAO-09-504. March 31, 2009 (http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09504.pdf) 
  • GAO (2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Status of Efforts to Address Transparency and Accountability Issues. Washington GAO-09-539T. March 31, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09539t.pdf 

  • GAO (2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Status of Efforts to Address Transparency and Accountability Issues. Washington GAO-09-484T. March 19, 2009

http///www.gao.gov/new.items/d09484t.pdf 

  • GAO (2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Status of Efforts to Address Transparency and Accountability Issues. Washington GAO-09-474T. March 11, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09474t.pdf 

  • GAO (2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Status of Efforts to Address Transparency and Accountability Issues. Washington GAO-09-417T. February 24, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09417t.pdf 

  • GAO (2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Status of Efforts to Address Transparency and Accountability Issues. Washington GAO-09-359T. February 5, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09359t.pdf 

  • GAO (2009). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Status of Efforts to Address Transparency and Accountability Issues. Washington GAO-09-296. January 30, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09296.pdf 

  • GAO (2008). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Additional Actions Needed to Better Ensure Integrity, Accountability, and Transparency. Washington GAO-09-266T. December 10, 2008

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09266t.pdf 

  • GAO (2008). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Status of Efforts to Address Defaults and Foreclosures on Home Mortgages. Washington GAO-09-231T. December 4, 2008

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09231t.pdf 

  • GAO (2008). Troubled Asset Relief Program: Additional Actions Needed to Better Ensure Integrity, Accountability, and Transparency. Washington GAO-09-161. December 2, 2008

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09161.pdf 

 

Financial Regulation

  • GAO (2009). Financial Regulation: Recent Crisis Reaffirms the Need to Overhaul the U.S. Regulatory System. Washington GAO-09-1049T. September 29, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-1049T 

  • GAO (2009). Financial Regulation: Review of Regulators' Oversight of Risk Management Systems at a Limited Number of Large, Complex Financial Institutions. Washington GAO-09-499T. March 19, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09499t.pdf 

  • GAO (2009). Financial Regulation: A Framework for Crafting and Assessing Proposals to Modernize the Outdated U.S. Financial Regulatory System. Washington GAO-09-349T. February 4, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09349t.pdf 

  • GAO (2009). Financial Regulation: A Framework for Crafting and Assessing Proposals to Modernize the Outdated U.S. Financial Regulatory System. Washington GAO-09-314T. January 21, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09314t.pdf 

  • GAO (2009). Financial Regulation: A Framework for Crafting and Assessing Proposals to Modernize the Outdated U.S. Financial Regulatory System. Washington GAO-09-310T. January 14, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09310t.pdf 

  • GAO (2009). Financial Regulation: A Framework for Crafting and Assessing Proposals to Modernize the Outdated U.S. Financial Regulatory System. Washington GAO-09-216. January 8, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09216.pdf 

  • GAO (2009). Inspectors General: Independent Oversight of Financial Regulatory Agencies. Washington GAO-09-524T. March 25, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09524t.pdf 

Overig

  • GAO (2009). Financial Markets Regulation: Financial Crisis Highlights Need to Improve Oversight of Leverage at Financial Institutions and across System. Washington GAO-09-739. July 22, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-739 

  • GAO (2009). Fair Lending: Data Limitations and the Fragmented U.S. Financial Regulatory Structure Challenge Federal Oversight and Enforcement Efforts. Washington GAO-09-704. July 15, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-704 

  • GAO (2009). Federal Reserve Banks: Areas for Improvement in Information Security Controls. Washington GAO-09-722R. May 29, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-722R 

  • GAO (2009). Regulation SHO: Recent Actions Appear to Have Initially Reduced Failures to Deliver, but More Industry Guidance Is Needed. Washington GAO-09-483. May 12, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-483  

  • GAO (2009). Hedge Funds: Overview of Regulatory Oversight, Counterparty Risks, and Investment Challenges. Washington GAO-09-677T. May 7, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-677T  

  • GAO (2009). Securities and Exchange Commission: Greater Attention Is Needed to Enhance Communication and Utilization of Resources in the Division of Enforcement. Washington GAO-09-613T. May 7, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-09-613T 

  • GAO (2009). Federal Financial Assistance: Preliminary Observations on Assistance Provided to AIG. Washington GAO-09-490T. March 18, 2009

http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09490t.pdf 

  • GAO (2009). Systemic Risk: Regulatory Oversight and Recent Initiatives to Address Risk Posed by Credit Default Swaps. Washington GAO-09-397T. March 5, 2009

Samenvattingen

 

 

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